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The Probability Calculator helps you find the likelihood of events occurring. Calculate simple probability, combinations, permutations, and expected value. Essential for statistics, gaming, gambling odds, and decision-making.

Basic Probability Formula

Probability = (Favorable Outcomes) / (Total Possible Outcomes). A probability of 0 means impossible, 1 means certain. Express as a fraction, decimal, or percentage.

Key Probability Concepts

• Single event: P(A) = favorable / total outcomes
• AND (both events): P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B) for independent events
• OR (either event): P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
• NOT (complement): P(not A) = 1 - P(A)

Combinations vs Permutations

Combinations (order doesn't matter): How many ways to choose r items from n? C(n,r) = n! / (r! × (n-r)!)

Permutations (order matters): How many arrangements of r items from n? P(n,r) = n! / (n-r)!

Related Calculators

Generate random numbers with our random number generator. Analyze statistical significance with the p-value calculator. Find percentages for probability conversions.